Following an uprising in 1911, the dynasty came to an end and China became a republic in 1912. WordUse for Microsoft Office Word or Open Office PDFUse for Abobe Acrobat Embed code. TextText file is a kind of computer file that is structured as a sequence of lines of electronic text. The Qing dynasty, established in 1644, was weakened by the Boxer Rebellion. Home » The Boxer Rebellion » Diamonds Lyrics Diamonds -The Boxer Rebellion. By terms of the agreement, forts protecting Beijing were to be destroyed, Boxer and Chinese government officials involved in the uprising were to be punished, foreign legations were permitted to station troops in Beijing for their defense, China was prohibited from importing arms for two years and it agreed to pay more than $330 million in reparations to the foreign nations involved. The Boxer Rebellion formally ended with the signing of the Boxer Protocol on September 7, 1901. On August 14, after fighting its way through northern China, an international force of approximately 20,000 troops from eight nations (Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States) arrived to take Beijing and rescue the foreigners and Chinese Christians. The following day, Empress Dowager Tzu’u Hzi declared a war on all foreign nations with diplomatic ties in China.Īs the Western powers and Japan organized a multinational force to crush the rebellion, the siege stretched into weeks, and the diplomats, their families and guards suffered through hunger and degrading conditions as they fought to keep the Boxers at bay.īy some estimates, several hundred foreigners and several thousand Chinese Christians were killed during this time. On June 20, 1900, the Boxers began a siege of Beijing’s Legation District (where the official quarters of foreign diplomats were located). In 1900, the Boxer movement spread to the Beijing area, where the Boxers killed Chinese Christians and Christian missionaries and destroyed churches, railroad stations and other property. In the 1890s, China had given territorial and commercial concessions in this area to several European nations, and the Boxers blamed their poor standard of living on foreigners who were colonizing their country. Westerners referred to these rituals as shadow boxing, leading to the Boxers nickname.Īlthough the Boxers came from various parts of society, many were peasants, particularly from Shandong province, which had been struck by natural disasters such as famine and flooding. The rebels performed calisthenics rituals and martial arts that they believed would give them the ability to withstand bullets and other forms of attack. How America's First Third Party Influenced Politicsīy the late 1890s, a Chinese secret group, the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists (“I-ho-ch’uan” or “Yihequan”), had begun carrying out regular attacks on foreigners and Chinese Christians.
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